Position the head so that the occlusal plane of the mandibular teeth is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and the median plane of the face is vertical. Place the film packet in the mouth so that it is centered over the teeth on the side to be radiographed. Adjust the tube so that the central ray will pass from below the mandible and through the second molar at a perpendicular angle to the plane of the film packet (see figure 4-35).